Functional testing is a type of software testing that validates an application’s features against defined requirements and expected behavior. Rather than focusing on internal code structure, it tests the software from an end-user perspective to ensure every function works as intended, such as form submissions, navigation, data processing, and output accuracy.

This approach helps teams catch defects that impact real user interactions, making sure that each feature delivers the correct outcome and aligns with user needs. Functional testing can be applied at various levels—unit, integration, and system—to provide confidence that the software behaves as expected across different use cases and scenarios.

Modern testing tools and best practices make it easier to automate functional tests, improving repeatability, reducing manual effort, and enabling faster feedback during development cycles.

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https://keploy.io/blog/community/functional-testing-an-in-depth-overview