Wind turbines come in two major categories: Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs) and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs).

Horizontal axis turbines are the most common worldwide. They look like the classic three-bladed windmills you see on wind farms. Their blades rotate around a horizontal shaft facing the wind. These turbines are highly efficient and work best in open spaces with strong, steady winds. Most large-scale wind farms use this type because they generate more power and are technologically advanced.

Vertical axis turbines, on the other hand, have blades arranged around a vertical shaft. They can catch wind from any direction, so they don’t need complex orientation systems. While they are less efficient than horizontal turbines, they are often used in urban areas where wind direction changes frequently, and space is limited. Some designs look like eggbeaters (Darrieus type) or curved panels (Savonius type).

There are also smaller turbines designed for homes or businesses. These small-scale models can be mounted on rooftops or in backyards to generate local electricity. In summary, while horizontal turbines dominate large wind farms, vertical turbines and smaller versions play important roles in specialized or local settings.

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